|
''Tigranes VII redirects here. For ancient people and Kings of Armenia of this name see, Tigranes. Tiran ((アルメニア語:Տիրան), flourished second half of the 3rd century & first half of the 4th century) known also as Tigranes VII or Tigranes〔Chahin, ''The Kingdom of Armenia: A History'', p.221〕 and Diran〔(The Armenian Church - The Eastern Diocese of the Armenian Church of America - The Saints: St. Sarkis the Warrior and His Son, St. Mardiros )〕 was a Prince who served as a Roman Client King of Arsacid Armenia from 339 until 350. He was a contemporary and is associated with the life of Saint Sarkis the Warrior and his son, Saint Mardiros. Tiran was the son, successor and was among the children born to Khosrov III Kotak〔(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition )〕〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102〕 by an unnamed mother, thus was a grandson of Tiridates III of Armenia〔(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition )〕 and his wife, Ashkhen. He was the maternal uncle of St. Nerses I who would become a future Catholicos of Armenia. Tiran was named in honor of the monarchs named Tigranes of the Artaxiad Dynasty. The name ''Tigranes'', was the most common royal name in the Artaxiad Dynasty and was among the most ancient names of the Kings of Armenia.〔Hovannisian, ''The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times, Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century'', p.48〕 When his father died in 339, Tiran succeeded his father as King of Armenia. Little is known on life, prior to becoming King of Armenia. Tiran was a lukewarm Christian〔Chahin, ''The Kingdom of Armenia: A History'', p.221〕 and was the first Arsacid ruling monarch to aggressively pursue a policy on Arianism.〔Terian, ''Patriotism And Piety In Armenian Christianity: The Early Panegyrics On Saint Gregory'', p.18〕 Although Tiran was endorsed by the Christian aristocrats of Armenia, the King was a disappointment, intellectually and morally.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102〕 The reign of Tiran was blemished by conflicts both internally and externally. Tiran had antagonised the clergy and the great Mamikonian family, who had been the mainstay to the throne.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102〕 He had many disagreements with the reigning Catholicos and his relation St. Husik I. St. Husik I had criticised Tiran on his public and private conduct.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102〕 This led Tiran in ordering the death of St. Husik I who was beaten to death on Tiran’s orders, because the Catholicos denied him entry to a church in Sophene on a feast day〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102〕 in 347. Tiran massacred two leading Armenian families the Ardzruni and Reshtuni, who he accused in having secret relations with the Sassanids and tried on various occasions which failed to crush the power of the Armenian feudal lords〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕 which were among his acts of committed barbarity.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕 In Tiran’s foreign policy he was mainly concerned with the Sassanid King Shapur II.〔(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition )〕 Shapur II launched a war on Rome and her allies, firstly by persecuting the Christians that lived in Persia and Mesopotamia.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕 Shapur II’s war by capturing these territories began to dealt a severe blow to Roman prestige in the East.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕 Shapur II invaded Armenia with his army and eventually took Tiran, his Queen and their family as hostages.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕〔(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition )〕 Tiran and his family were betrayed by his chamberlain to Shapur II.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕〔(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition )〕 Tiran and his family became Sassanid political prisoners, which Tiran was blinded and thrown into prison, after Tiran was accused by Shapur II of collusion with Rome.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕 The Armenian nobles infuriated by the brutality of Shapur II and his treatment of Tiran and his family, took up arms and fought against Shapur II and his army with assistance from the Romans.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103〕 They successfully drove Shapur II and his army out from Armenia. After Shapur II was defeated, he had signed a treaty and agreed to release Tiran and his family from prison. As Tiran was depressed and blinded, he abdicated his throne and his second son Arsaces II (Arshak II), succeeded him father as Armenian King in 350. Tiran married an unnamed woman by whom he had three sons and a daughter, who were: Artaxias,〔Movses Khorenatsi’ History of Armenia, 5th Century, Book III, Chapter 13〕 Arsaces II (Arshak II),〔Movses Khorenatsi’ History of Armenia, 5th Century, Book III, Chapter 13〕 Tiridates〔Movses Khorenatsi’ History of Armenia, 5th Century, Book III, Chapter 13〕 and Eranyak.〔Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.262〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「''Tigranes VII redirects here. For ancient people and Kings of Armenia of this name see, Tigranes.Tiran ((アルメニア語:Տիրան), flourished second half of the 3rd century & first half of the 4th century) known also as Tigranes VII or TigranesChahin, ''The Kingdom of Armenia: A History'', p.221 and Diran(The Armenian Church - The Eastern Diocese of the Armenian Church of America - The Saints: St. Sarkis the Warrior and His Son, St. Mardiros ) was a Prince who served as a Roman Client King of Arsacid Armenia from 339 until 350. He was a contemporary and is associated with the life of Saint Sarkis the Warrior and his son, Saint Mardiros. Tiran was the son, successor and was among the children born to Khosrov III Kotak(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition )Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102 by an unnamed mother, thus was a grandson of Tiridates III of Armenia(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition ) and his wife, Ashkhen. He was the maternal uncle of St. Nerses I who would become a future Catholicos of Armenia. Tiran was named in honor of the monarchs named Tigranes of the Artaxiad Dynasty. The name ''Tigranes'', was the most common royal name in the Artaxiad Dynasty and was among the most ancient names of the Kings of Armenia.Hovannisian, ''The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times, Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century'', p.48When his father died in 339, Tiran succeeded his father as King of Armenia. Little is known on life, prior to becoming King of Armenia. Tiran was a lukewarm ChristianChahin, ''The Kingdom of Armenia: A History'', p.221 and was the first Arsacid ruling monarch to aggressively pursue a policy on Arianism.Terian, ''Patriotism And Piety In Armenian Christianity: The Early Panegyrics On Saint Gregory'', p.18 Although Tiran was endorsed by the Christian aristocrats of Armenia, the King was a disappointment, intellectually and morally.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102 The reign of Tiran was blemished by conflicts both internally and externally.Tiran had antagonised the clergy and the great Mamikonian family, who had been the mainstay to the throne.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102 He had many disagreements with the reigning Catholicos and his relation St. Husik I. St. Husik I had criticised Tiran on his public and private conduct.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102 This led Tiran in ordering the death of St. Husik I who was beaten to death on Tiran’s orders, because the Catholicos denied him entry to a church in Sophene on a feast dayKurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.102 in 347. Tiran massacred two leading Armenian families the Ardzruni and Reshtuni, who he accused in having secret relations with the Sassanids and tried on various occasions which failed to crush the power of the Armenian feudal lordsKurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103 which were among his acts of committed barbarity.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103In Tiran’s foreign policy he was mainly concerned with the Sassanid King Shapur II.(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition ) Shapur II launched a war on Rome and her allies, firstly by persecuting the Christians that lived in Persia and Mesopotamia.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103 Shapur II’s war by capturing these territories began to dealt a severe blow to Roman prestige in the East.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103Shapur II invaded Armenia with his army and eventually took Tiran, his Queen and their family as hostages.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition ) Tiran and his family were betrayed by his chamberlain to Shapur II.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103(Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period, 5. The Sasanian period I: Armenia between Rome and Iran. b. The Christian Arsacids: Tiridates III and his successors until the partition ) Tiran and his family became Sassanid political prisoners, which Tiran was blinded and thrown into prison, after Tiran was accused by Shapur II of collusion with Rome.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103The Armenian nobles infuriated by the brutality of Shapur II and his treatment of Tiran and his family, took up arms and fought against Shapur II and his army with assistance from the Romans.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.103 They successfully drove Shapur II and his army out from Armenia. After Shapur II was defeated, he had signed a treaty and agreed to release Tiran and his family from prison. As Tiran was depressed and blinded, he abdicated his throne and his second son Arsaces II (Arshak II), succeeded him father as Armenian King in 350.Tiran married an unnamed woman by whom he had three sons and a daughter, who were: Artaxias,Movses Khorenatsi’ History of Armenia, 5th Century, Book III, Chapter 13 Arsaces II (Arshak II),Movses Khorenatsi’ History of Armenia, 5th Century, Book III, Chapter 13 TiridatesMovses Khorenatsi’ History of Armenia, 5th Century, Book III, Chapter 13 and Eranyak.Kurkjian, ''A History of Armenia'', p.262==References==」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|